methyl paraben

Synonyms: "methylparaben", "methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate", "methyl p-hydroxybenzoate", "nipagin", "aseptoform", "maseptol", "metaben", "methab"

Source: methyl paraben is used as an anti-microbial agent in hair products, including gels and shampoos. It is also used as a preservative in mascara, eye liner, eye shadow and toothpaste among other personal care and cosmetic products.

Identifiers:

IUPAC Name: methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
CAS Number: 99-76-3
PubChem ID: 7456
InChiKey: LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Canonical SMILES: COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)O

Structural Properties:

Molecular Formula: C₈H₈O₃
Molecular Weight: 152.147

Pharmacophore Features:

Number of bond donors: 1
Number of bond acceptors: 2
Number of atoms different from hydrogen: 11

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2D structure (.sdf)
3D structure (.sdf)
3D structure (.mol2)
3D structure (.pdb)
3D structure (.pdbqt)

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Evidence Supporting This Chemical as an Endocrine Disruptor
TEDX List of Potential Endocrine Disruptors

Byford JR, Shaw LE, Drew MG, Pope GS, Sauer MJ, Darbre PD. 2002. Oestrogenic activity of parabens in MCF7 human breast cancer cells. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry & Molecular Biology 80(1):49-60.

Chen JG, Ahn KC, Gee NA, Gee SJ, Hammock BD, Lasley BL. 2007. Antiandrogenic properties of parabens and other phenolic containing small molecules in personal care products. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 221(3):278-284.

Gomez E, Pillon A, Fenet H, Rosain D, Duchesne MJ, Nicolas JC, Balaguer P, Casellas C. 2005. Estrogenic activity of cosmetic components in reporter cell lines: parabens, UV screens, and musks. J Toxicol Environ Health A 68(4):239-251.

Routledge EJ, Parker J, Odum J, Ashby J, Sumpter JP. 1998. Some alkyl hydroxy benzoate preservatives (parabens) are estrogenic. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 153(1):12-19.

Song BL, Li HY, Peng DR. 1989. In vitro spermicidal activity of parabens against human spermatozoa. Contraception 39(3):331-335.